To effectively mitigate the psychosocial consequences of HIV and Aids, the specific cultural psychological and psychosocial circumstances must be taken into account. This volume examines the psychological background of the effects of HIV/Aids, coping strategies and intercultural and intracultural preventive concepts in Southeast Asian and European societies, taking Thailand and Luxembourg as examples.New risk groups and a new risk behaviour require concepts for adequate psychological training programmes to offset the anxieties and everyday stigmatisation of people infected with HIV/Aids. Cultural specifics should be utilised for successful holistic prevention measures. The empirical part of this study uses expert interviews to isolate the factors necessary for an effective preventive strategy appropriate to the respective culture. Examples of good practice concretise concretise and verify these factors and in this way demonstrate possibilities for their innovative application.